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标题: From Guns to Cameras: Chinese Tourism Transforms Kinmen [打印本页]

作者: choi 时间: 2-11-2015 16:06
标题: From Guns to Cameras: Chinese Tourism Transforms Kinmen
Chun Han WONG, From Guns to Cameras: Chinese Tourism Transforms Taiwan’s Kinmen. Wall Street Journal, Feb 9, 2015.
www.wsj.com/articles/from-guns-t ... s-kinmen-1423448694

Quote:

"Last year, more than 750,000 tourists descended on the islands, population 128,000—with travel from the mainland accounting for nearly a third, and growing at a double-digit pace.

"The process started in 2001 [under President Chen Shui-bian] when Taiwan began to open direct trade and transportation links between some outer islands and the closest mainland province of Fujian, separated from Kinmen by a sliver of water just two kilometers wide.

"Though roughly 70% of the tourists visiting Kinmen are still from Taiwan, the share of mainland Chinese has ballooned from the low single digits of the early 2000s. Last year, the island welcomed 220,000 mainland visitors, up 41% from the previous year. Across Taiwan, China is now the biggest source of tourists, with nearly four million visitors last year.

Note: "At the Guningtou Battle [or War] Musuem in northwestern Kinmen, where Nationalist defenders routed a Communist assault force in 1949 * * * 'Those are American tanks,' an elderly Chinese tourist told his half-dozen companions as they studied a pair of US-made M3 light tanks that flank the museum’s main entrance. 'That’s why the Nationalists could win.'”
(a) 古寧頭戰史館. 金門國家公園, undated.
www.kmnp.gov.tw/ct/index.php?opt ... ;id=9&Itemid=10
(b) The battleground and the museum (marked with a red pointer in the preceding URL) are located at 金門縣金寧鄉古寧村
(c) 劉亞洲, 金門戰役檢討. January 2001 (a book, whose publisher I fail to find out)
www.diic.com.tw/comment/06/06930522-1.htm
("1949年10月17日解放廈門，金門頓成一座孤島。島上守軍為李良榮的二十二兵團，約兩萬人。十兵團 [司令員葉飛] 十萬大軍隔海虎視。優劣立見;" 胡璉十二兵團)

Quote:

"船只那樣缺乏，第一波只夠載運九千兵，可有些船上仍然裝了不該裝的東西，令我今天想起來還覺得可恥。主攻團的幾條船上都載著大量新印製的人民幣，據說是準備用來慶功時大把花銷的，被國民黨軍繳獲時許多鈔票連褶印都沒有，整整裝滿好幾籮筐。另一個團的船上裝了豬，也是慶功用品。更可笑的是，居然在有的船上還載著辦公桌椅，以便「新政權使用」。

"10月26日，二十八軍主攻團仰攻金門縣城附近的一二三高地時，蔣軍坦克突然出現在我軍背後。我軍戰壕向前，後背完全暴露於坦克的火力之下，無任何遮攔。敵坦克使用國際法禁用的鋼珠彈向我軍瘋狂射擊，鋼珠彈射出後呈V形扇面，一平方米內竟有上千顆鋼珠，霎間血流成河。

這不是戰鬥，而是屠殺。在這種情況下，我軍部份官兵放下武器。但敵坦克手高喊：「廈門守軍下場如此！」並不停火。敵坦克手沐巨樑稱：「這是我數十次戰役中從未見過的最慘的畫面。」後來僅在一二三高地下埋葬的我軍忠勇官兵遺體就達一千多具，今稱「萬人」。金門戰鬥結束後，蔣軍除把大部份戰俘送往台灣，還將一些俘虜集結到海灘，用機關槍射殺。（古寧頭村史）

"金門之戰對我軍而言另一個意想不到的因素是武器──敵坦克。金門島上有一支裝甲部隊，共有美制M5A坦克二十二輛。葉飛和肖鋒都知道這個情況。但我軍歷來對蔣軍坦克十分輕視，加之這支裝甲部隊始組建不久，主要成員都是從淮海戰場雙堆集突圍逃出來的殘兵敗將，哪敢言勇？我登陸部隊並未認真準備反坦克作戰。從以下例子就可看出他們的粗疏：部隊確帶了打坦克的火箭筒。當時火箭筒分為前筒、後筒和火箭彈三部份，需三人配合才能發射。因欠準備，結果前筒裝在甲船，後筒裝在乙船，火箭彈裝在丙船。強行登陸後，建制混亂，甲找不到乙，乙找不到丙。火箭筒全然無法使用，遂使敵坦克得志。更令我軍始料不及的是：10月24日下午，蔣軍坦克配合步兵在一點紅海灘進行反登陸演習，一輛坦克發生故障，無法開動，停留原地修理。午夜時分，我軍第一梯隊恰在這一帶海灘搶灘。最奇怪的事情發生了：這輛壞了一夜的坦克居然開動了。當即向我登陸部隊開火。M5A坦克火力很強，一輛單車的火力超過一個裝備齊全的步兵連。一個坦克營的火力則超過一個步兵師。它給予我軍重大殺傷。由於缺乏反坦克兵器，我軍戰士曾在身上裹著炸藥包向敵坦克猛撲，不果。部隊為避其鋒，撤入海灘附近的防風草叢中。坦克衝入我軍隱蔽處做蛇形碾壓。後來，這輛坦克被國民黨授予「金門之熊」稱號。陳誠稱：「金門作戰，裝甲兵居於首功。

"金門戰役我軍被俘四千余人，其中三千人於1952年被台灣用漁船分批遣返大陸。這三千人一律被開除黨籍、軍籍，遣返老家種地。一部份人被定為叛徒，判刑。文化大革命中，三千人統統受到批判，縱是農民也不能倖免。用他們自己的話說就是：「苦戰三天，受苦三十年。」

(d) The WSJ report mentions M3 tanks. General Liu said M5A. Taiwan has said the tanks were M5A1.

M3 Stuart
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3_Stuart
(The name General Stuart or Stuart given by the British comes from the American Civil War Confederate General JEB Stuart [1833-1864] and was used for both the M3 and the derivative M5 Light Tank; Place of origin United States; Produced 1941–1944; section 4 Operators: People's Republic of China captured from Chinese Civil War + Republic of China)

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