标题: African Samurai [打印本页] 作者: choi 时间: 5-20-2019 14:47 标题: African Samurai Emiko Jozuka, African Samurai: The Enduring Legacy of a Black Warrior in Feudal Japan. CNN, May 20, 2019
Graphics by Natalie Leung, CNN https://www.cnn.com/2019/05/19/a ... pan-intl/index.html
Note:
(a) Emiko JOJUKA 定塚 恵美子 (where "e" and "mi" are Chinese pronunciations of 恵 and 美).
(i)
(A) Andrea Lo, Emiko Jozuka, 30; Digital producer, CNN International. The Loop, Sept 28, 2017 ("Top 30 Series": The Loop HK 30 under 30 2017). https://www.theloophk.com/emiko-jozuka-30/
("Born in Japan, Jozuka moved to the UK at 3 years old and moved to Hong Kong just over a year ago. She started her career in journalism by freelancing as a multimedia journalist at the Hurriyet Daily News & Economic Review in Istanbul, Turkey. 'I met some Kurdish independent filmmakers while I was covering film festivals in southern Turkey and they got me interested in the Kurdish issue,' she explains. After a year in Istanbul, she moved to the predominantly Kurdish region in southeastern Turkey. 'I reported on culture, conflict, migration, the environment, politics and human rights for various publications,' she says. * * * On the side, Jozuka is currently working on archiving and exhibiting works by her father, the legendary motorsport photographer Joe Honda")
(B) "From 2010 to 2012, she lived in Istanbul, Turkey * * * Emiko was born in Japan but educated in the UK. She is fluent in English, French, Spanish and Turkish, and proficient in Japanese.." Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting, last updated Oct 23, 2018 for "Emiko Jozuka."
Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulitzer_Center_on_Crisis_Reporting
("an American news media organization established in 2006 that sponsors independent reporting on global issues that other media outlets are less willing or able to undertake on their own. * * * based in Washington, DC")
, whose website states, under "About Us": "We award more than $2 million a year in direct support to journalism at a time of financial stress in the news industry, making possible more than 600 stories annually in print, broadcast, and digital news outlets, as well as documentaries, books, and exhibitions. Our projects run in a wide variety of respected national, local, and international news outlets. * * * The Pulitzer Center is not affiliated with Columbia University's Pulitzer Prizes."
Pulitzer Center is a non-profit organization, whose founding director -- and current executive director -- is Jon Sawyer. As far as I can tell, there is no connection between Pulitzer Center and Joseph Pulitzer, whose estate set up Pulitzer Prize.
(ii) The Japanese surname Jōzuka (Jojuka itself is absent in Japan) may be 城塚、定塚、上塚、定司.
(b)
(i) Nobunaga ODA (1534 – 1582 (切腹 durring a coup 本能寺の変 against him when his general 明智 光秀 rebelled, who in turn was filled 13 days later by 豊臣 秀吉, another general of Oda)
(ii) the book: Thomas Lockley and Geoffrey Girard, African Samurai; The true story of Yasuke, a legendary black warrior in feudal Japan. Manhattan: Hanover Square Press, Apr 30, 2019.
The "ya" and "suke" are both Japanese pronunciations of kanji 弥 and 助/介.
(d) "Oda believed Yasuke to be either a guardian demon or 'Daikokuten,' a god of prosperity usually represented by black statues in temples."
Daikokuten 大黒天 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daikokuten
(is one of the Seven Lucky Gods [七福神])
(i) The "koku" is the Chinese pronunciation of 黒, whose Japanese pronunciation is kuro. See (f)(v) below.
(ii) The ja.wikipedia.org mentions its Sanskrit name ("梵: Mahākāla"), which in facts plays a different role (fierce) in Hinduism, Buddhism and Sikhism. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahakala
(section 1 Etymology; section 2 Description: Mahakala is "the spouse of Kali," a goddess) 作者: choi 时间: 5-20-2019 14:47
(e) "Today, Yasuke's legacy as the world's first African samurai is well known in Japan, spawning * * * a manga series titled 'Afro Samurai.' * * * Earlier this month, 'Black Panther' star Chadwick Boseman announced he would play Yasuke in a Hollywood movie scripted by 'Narcos' co-creator Doug Miro."
(i) Afro Samurai https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afro_Samurai
, which ja.wikipedia.org says "岡崎 能士 [Takashi OKAZAKI] の自費出版による漫画."
(ii) Narcos https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narcos
(table: Original network Netflix, Followed by "Narcos: Mexico" [starting 2018])
Its seasons 1-3 were released 2015 to 2017.
Co-producer Doug Miro of Narcos is American.
(f) "It's where [Goa] Lockley speculates that Yasuke met Alessandro Valignano, the most powerful Jesuit missionary of the day in Asia, who made him his valet and bodyguard. * * * The period -- known as the 'era of warring states' 戦国時代 [c 1467 – c 1600] -- saw hundreds of strongmen from mini-states across the country battling for power. * * * In 1581, Yasuke joined Oda's forces in their invasion of Iga province, according to Lockley. Oda attacked the mountain-ringed province, a ninja hotbed with 40,000 to 60,000 troops, and conquered it following a failed attempt by his son Nobukatsu (織田)信雄 in 1579. * * * His [Yasuke's] second and last such campaign was in June 1582 when Oda's samurai general, Mitsuhide AKECHI 明智 光秀, attacked Oda's residence [for the night only, on his way to Kyoto; which was 本能寺] in Kyoto. * * * Facing defeat, Oda ended his own life to avoid losing his honor. He performed a ritual called 'sepukku' which saw him stab a short sword into his stomach, slicing horizontally while his attendant [17-year-old page] Ranmaru MORI 森 蘭丸 lopped off his head [Mori then followed suit]. * * * In 1968, author Yoshio Kurusu made it the basis of a prize-winning children's book called 'Kurosuke.' "
(i) Goa https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goa
(section 7 Economy: "Goa's state domestic product for 2017 is estimated at $11 billion at current prices. Goa is India's richest state with the highest GDP per capita – two and a half times that of the country – with one of its fastest growth rates: 8.23% (yearly average 1990–2000). Tourism is Goa's primary industry")
(ii)
(A) Alessandro Valignano (1539 – 1606; what is now known as Italian; Chinese 范禮安; joined the Society of Jesus in 1566; arrived in Macau in 1978 and stayed there until his death there, but went to Japan three times: in 1579 (stayed three years); 1590-1592; and 1598-1603 (altogether ten years in Japan); founded in 1594 St Paul’s College of Macao)
St Paul's College, Macau https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Paul%27s_College,_Macau
("Jesuits abandoned it in 1762 when they were expelled by the Portuguese authorities, during the suppression of the Society of Jesus. The buildings were destroyed in a fire in 1835")
(B) About Alessandro Valignano from the Web: "In 1573, at the age of 34, he was appointed 'Visitor of the Missions in the Indies' – chief of the society’s work in Asia. It was a remarkable promotion for someone so young, who had been a Jesuit for only seven years; he was given great freedom in his new post. The appointment was controversial because he would go to work in a sector dominated by Portuguese [Matteo Ricci 利玛窦 arrived in Macau in 1582]."
(iii) Iga province 伊賀国 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iga_Province
(iv) The term sepukku is the Chinese pronunciation of 切腹 (composed of "setsu" and "fuku"), which can also written as 腹切り or 腹切, pronounced harakiri (where hara and kiri (as a noun; verb: kiru) are Japanese pronunciations of 腹 and 切).
(v) 来栖 良夫著, 箕田 源二郎絵, くろ助. 岩崎書店, 1968. https://aucview.aucfan.com/yahoo/n132401049/
(cover on the left and back on the right)
栖 is simplified from 棲, meaning "nest, rookery" and whose Japanese pronunciation is su (the same as 巣).