标题: Operation of A Modern Seaport [打印本页] 作者: choi 时间: 10-1-2012 11:04 标题: Operation of A Modern Seaport Alan Feuer, On the Waterfront, Rise of the Machines; Longshoremen's jobs have been dwindling because of automation. New York Times, Oct 1, 2012. http://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/3 ... f-the-machines.html
Quote:
New York "city is in 'striking distance' of reclaiming from Los Angeles the title of the country’s busiest trade zone")
Shippers say they need to compete "with smaller, leaner, often non-unionized ports along the mid-Atlantic Coast. Labor accounts for nearly half the cost of doing business in New York, which remains the most expensive port in the world to shippers, the shipping association says."
(b) Photo 6 mentions
longshoreman (n; longshore, short for alongshore; First Known Use 1811):
"a person who loads and unloads ships at a seaport"
(i) All English definitions are from www.m-w.com, unless otherwise specified.
(ii) Paragraph 3 of the report has: "One astonishing thing about the longshore business these days is how its vast scope * * * requires so few visible human bodies."
(3) Regarding container ship CSAV Pyrenees.
(a) Pyrenees http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrenees
(section 1 Etymology)
(b) CSAV http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSAV
(Compañía Sud Americana de Vapores; a Chilean shipping company that is currently the largest company of its type in Latin America and is one of the oldest shipping companies, having been founded in 1872; Headquarters Valparaíso, Chile)
(i) South America in English is either "América del Sur" or "Sudamérica" in Spanish. (South Afica = Africa del Sur)
(ii) The "vapores" is plural form of the Spanish noun "vapor": "steam, vapor * * * steamship"
Yahoo's online free Spanish dictionary, provided by The American Heritage® Spanish Dictionary: Spanish/English, Inglés/Español. Houghton Mifflin, undated. http://education.yahoo.com/reference/dict_en_es/
(iii) Valparaíso http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ValparaÃso
(located 69.5 miles northwest of Santiago and one of the country's most important seaports)
section 1 History: "Spanish explorers arrived [in the bay] in 1536, aboard the Santiaguillo, a supply ship sent by Diego de Almagro, who is considered the first European explorer, or discoverer, of Chile. The Santiaguillo carried men and supplies for Almagro’s expedition, under the command of Juan de Saavedra, who named the town after his native village of Valparaíso de Arriba in Cuenca, Spain.
(7) The report states, "Sitting in an office nearby was James Pelliccio, the president of the [Port Newark Container] [T]erminal, one of six such outfits that make up the Port of New York and New Jersey and lie in a loose semicircle south of Manhattan from Newark Bay through the Kill Van Kull to Upper New York Bay."
(a) Upper New York Bay http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_New_York_Bay
(the traditional heart of the Port of New York and New Jersey, and often called New York Harbor; connected to Lower New York Bay by the Narrows, to Newark Bay by the Kill Van Kull)
Staten Island is the landmass located in the lower left corner of the satelite photo (photo 1 of the above Wiki page).
(b) For various geographic names of the preceding quotation, see map in
Lower New York Bay http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_New_York_Bay
(c) Kill Van Kull http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kill_Van_Kull
(section 1 Hydronym)
(i) You will have to read that section and click the two terms in "Hudson Palisades which begins on Bergen Neck, the peninsula" in order to to comprehend.
(ii) palisade (n; ultimately from Latin palus stake — more at "pole"):
"1a: a fence of stakes especially for defense
* * *
2: a line of bold cliffs"
(A) For definition 1a, see the photos in
palisade http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palisade
(B) The "bold" in "blod cliffs" of definition 2 is an adjective that means:
"SHEER. STEEP <bold cliffs>" http://www.merriam-webster.com/d ... =0&t=1349100604
(8) The report comments, "It was a striking thing to say about the classic New York task of handling seaborne cargo, an activity that, if only in the collective imagination, still remains connected to the grueling leg-and-shoulder work immortalized on film by Marlon Brando."
(9) The report avers, "In 2011, the six terminals in Brooklyn and New Jersey and on Staten Island handled the equivalent of 5.5 million container loads of cargo, more than at any point since New York was founded by the Dutch."
Further down, the report explained, "In the past half-dozen years, four of the region’s six container terminals, which used to be privately held businesses, have been bought by pension funds and investment firms."
(a) This makes it clear that the six terminals in quotation 1 are container terminals.
(b) History of the Port Authority. Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, undated. http://www.panynj.gov/about/history-port-authority.html
Click the map itself, and the new web page says, "The Port Authority of New York & New Jersey was established on April 30, 1921. It was the first bistate agency ever created under a clause of the constitution permitting compacts between states with congressional consent." Below the text are various infrastures, including the heading "Port Commerce;" all items under the heading lead to the same web page, which shows the six container terminals: http://www.panynj.gov/port/containerized-cargo.html
(Port Newark Container Terminal, Maher Terminal, APM Terminal, New York Container Terminal, Global Terminal, and Red Hook Container Terminal)
(9) The report observes, "The history of the region’s port has always been marked by transformation[: * * *] in 1956, when standardized containers began ushering out the era of winching unevenly shaped break-bulk cargo out of holds."
containerization http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Containerization
(section 1 Origins: "former trucking company owner Malcom McLean worked with engineer Keith Tantlinger to develop the modern intermodal container" for which they pbtained a patent)
(10) The report mentions rival ports, including
Savannah, Georgia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savannah,_Georgia
(Established in 1733, the city of Savannah was the colonial capital of the Province of Georgia and later the first state capital of Georgia; section 1 History)
(11) The report quotes "Jim Devine, the president of Global Container Terminals on Staten Island."
Global Container Terminals http://www.globalterminals.com/
(established in 2007; The Company operates four container terminals through three principal businesses in North America--one in Vancouver and two in America, the last two of which are "New York Container Terminal on Staten Island, New York" and "Global Terminal & Container Services in Bayonne, New Jersey")
is a Canadian corporation, which probably has a president in each "principal business." Click "Contact Us" at the top horizontal bar.
(a) Bayonne, New Jersey http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayonne,_New_Jersey
(section 1 History)
(b) Subsequently the report states Port Authority "will soon spend more than $1 billion to raise the Bayonne Bridge."
Bayonne Bridge http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayonne_Bridge
(connects Bayonne, New Jersey with Staten Island, New York, spanning the Kill Van Kull)
(12) The report describes the port of NY & NJ as "the third-largest in the country."
But occasionally, LA and Long Beach are combined, which are nearby.
(13) The report also quotes Joseph C Curto, president of the shipping association, as saying, “It’s cheaper to send Ikea lawn furniture here on the proverbial slow boat from China than to send it to the West Coast and train it across."
(a) (I'd Like to Get You on a) Slow Boat to China http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/(I'd_Like_to_Get_You_on_a)_Slow_Boat_to_China
(a popular song by Frank Loesser, published in 1947)
(b) The "train" is a verb.
(14)
(a) punctilious (adj): "marked by or concerned about precise accordance with the details of codes or conventions"
(b) punctilio (n; Italian & Spanish, ultimately from Latin punctum point):
"a minute detail of conduct in a ceremony or in observance of a code"