雲峰中程飛彈

choi

朱明, 【獨家】雲峰中程飛彈2019年量產　機動部署北、中部約20枚直攻北京. 上報 UP Media, Oct 29, 2018.
https://www.upmedia.mg/news_info.php?SerialNo=50887
("射程超過1200公里的「雲峰中程飛彈」2019年啟動量產計劃")

Note: "中科院研發的雲峰中程飛彈 * * * 先由4個天弓彈體的固體燃料火箭點燃將雲峰飛彈推進到一定高度後，這4個天弓彈體推進器脫落後，主彈體的沖壓引擎，被歸類為中程陸攻衝壓飛彈，也是高空高速巡弋飛彈 [cruise, not ballistic, missile; BALLISTIC missile classification by range: 'medium-range ballistic missile (MRBM): Range between 1,000 km and 3,500 km': Wikipedia]，並不在《國際反彈道飛彈擴散條約》（MTCR）的規範內。"
(a) 衝壓發動機 (cn.wikipedia.org)/ 沖壓引擎 (this report)    ramjet.
(i) Firstly, a review of turbojet
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turbojet

There is no need to read the rest. Go to section 3, section 3.2 Compressor + section 3.3 combustion chamber. To the right of each is an animation:
• "An animation of an axial compressor. The stationary blades are the stators." Pay attention to sentence 1 in this quotation.
• "Turbojet animation" (where the compressor is represented by a single ring, as opposed to multiple rings, of rotating blades)

For a decade, I could not figure out whether the thrust came from compressor or combustion. Today I learn the answer is mostly, but altogether -- the latter -- (see (a)(iv) below) ), the energy released from fuel combustion (as in gas-engine car; fuel is packed with energy).
(ii) Ramjet has no compressor, hence the need for propulsion by other means ("先由4個天弓彈體的固體燃料火箭點燃將雲峰飛彈推進") to reach supersonic velocity (say, Mach 3; maximal velocity for ramjet is Mach 6; en.wikipedia.org for ramjet). At that velocity, air comes into the ramjet automatically, combustion thrust ramjet forward, and "a ramjet will be self-sustaining." Id. That same Wiki page states in section 10 Missiles using ramjets: India, Russia and Taiwan (Hsiung Feng or Brave Wind III 雄風三型 which is anti-ship) have, but not US, Britain or China (US and Britain had them before).  There is no need to read the rest of this Wiki page.
(iii) Ramjet Parts. NASA, undated
https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/airplane/rampart.html

, which is deceptively simple (but hardwork is required to iron out the kinks).
(iv) Fred Landis, Jet Propulsion. Compton's Interactive Encyclopedia, date unknown.
www.fem.unicamp.br/~em313/paginas/consulte/jet.htm
(remarks for both turbojet and ramjet)
(A) In the URL, FEM is an acronym of Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica, Portuguese for "School of Mechanical Engineering," and Unicamp is short for "University of Campinas" (1962- ; public; Location  Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil)  en.wikipedia.org.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Campinas
(B) Compton's Encyclopedia ( was founded by Frank E Compton in 1922; sold and current publisher is Encyclopedia Britannica)  Wikipedia.
(C) Centrifugal Compressor: Principle, Construction, Working, Types, Advantages, Disadvantages with its Application. Mech4study.com, Nov 14, 2017
www.mech4study.com/2017/11/centrifugal-compressor.html

View top graphic only: Take notice that "suction side" and "discharge side" are in different directions -- a hallmark of centrifugal compressor:
(D) Axial compressor "is a rotating, airfoil-based compressor in which the gas or working fluid principally flows parallel to the axis of rotation, or axially."  n.wikipedia.org for axial compressor.
(E) Turbojet engine has moving parts, but "moving parts will damage at high velocity." from the Web. That is why ramjet does not have moving parts.

choi

(b) "並不在《國際反彈道飛彈擴散條約》（MTCR）的規範內"
(i)
(A) Missile Technology Control Regime ( (MTCR); was established in 1987 by the G7 countries; PRC "is not a member of the MTCR [which presently has 35 members, including Japan] but has agreed to abide by the original 1987 Guidelines and Annex, but not the subsequent revisions" -- Israel is not a member but agrees not to export missiles)  en.wikipedia.org for "Missile Technology Control Regime."

There is no need to read this Wiki page, which does not explicitly states what are barred.
(B) Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs). Missile Technology Control Regime, undated
https://mtcr.info/frequently-asked-questions-faqs/
(unrelated to United Nations)

Quote:

"4. What is the purpose of the MTCR?
The MTCR was initiated by like-minded countries to address the increasing proliferation of nuclear weapons by addressing the most destabilizing delivery system for such weapons. In 1992, the MTCR’s original focus on missiles for nuclear weapons delivery was extended to a focus on the proliferation of missiles for the delivery of all types of weapons of mass destruction (WMD), ie, nuclear, chemical and biological weapons. * * *

"6. Is the MTCR a treaty?
No. The MTCR is not a treaty and does not impose any legally binding obligations on Partners (members). Rather, it is an informal political understanding among states * * *

"8. How does the MTCR achieve its objectives?
Export Controls * * * Meetings * * * Dialogue and Outreach * * * "

"13. What is the difference between MTCR Category I and Category II Items?
Category I items include complete rocket and unmanned aerial vehicle systems (including ballistic missiles, space launch vehicles, sounding rockets, cruise missiles, target drones, and reconnaissance drones), capable of delivering a payload of at least 500 kg to a range of at least 300 km* * * Additionally, exports of production facilities for Category I items are prohibited absolutely.  Category II items include other less-sensitive and dual-use missile related components * * * "

* This Web page does not mention ranjet.
(ii) Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR). US Department of States, Jan 7, 1993
https://www.state.gov/t/avc/trty/187155.htm

"Ramjet/scramjet/pulse jet/combined cycle engines, including devices to regulate combustion" is listed  under Category II -- not gyroscope 陀螺儀 though.

(c) At the bottom of this Up Media report is two archival reports.
(i) 朱明, 雲峰中程飛彈升級射程到2000公里 今年「麒麟專案」完成三套火箭載具. 上報, June 24, 2018
https://www.upmedia.mg/news_info.php?SerialNo=43187
("國防部以代號「麒麟專案」研製能將50至200公斤重的微衛星，推送到500公里高度太空低軌道的運載火箭")
(A) Low Earth orbit (LEO; altitudes from 160 to 2,000 km (100–1,240 miles); examples: International Space Station (ISS) + Hubble Space Telescope + Tiangong-2 station of China + "Earth observation satellites and spy satellites use LEO as they are able to see the surface of the Earth clearly by being close to it”)  en.wikipedia.org for "Low Earth orbit" and "list of orbits."
(B) "Distance from Taoyuan International Airport (TPE), Taipei to Beijing Capital International Airport (PEK), Beijing is 1068 miles / 1719 kilometers"
(ii) 朱明, 【射程超過1000km】中科院將量產雲峰中程飛彈 向美申購逾600個雷射陀螺儀. 上報, Apr 23, 2018.
https://www.upmedia.mg/news_info.php?SerialNo=39345

gyroscope
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyroscope
("Gyroscopes based on other operating principles also exist, such as * * * solid-state ring lasers")