A Survey of Naval Aviation

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Curt Epstein, China Begins Effort To Build Naval Aviation. AINonline, Aug 22, 2011 (blog).
http://www.ainonline.com/news/single-news-page/article/ain-blog-china-begins-effort-to-build-naval-aviation-30869/
("World War II was the only time carriers dueled with their own kind")

Note:
(a) The article said, "A century ago, the U.S. Navy purchased its first airplane * * * The date of that purchase–May 8, 1911–is considered the birthday of naval aviation."

The purchase was made from Glenn Curtiss (1878-1930), whose test pilot was Eugene Ely (1879-1911)--both Americans.
(b) Battle of Taranto
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Taranto
(took place on the night of Nov 11–12, 1940 during WWII; The Royal Navy launched the first all-aircraft ship-to-ship naval attack in history, flying a small number of obsolescent biplane torpedo bombers from an aircraft carrier in the Mediterranean Sea; against Italian warships at anchor in the harbor of Taranto; the beginning of the rise of the power of naval aviation, over the big guns of battleships)

(i) Taranto
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taranto

Summary: Greeks founded the colony and called it Taras after the mythical hero Taras
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taras_(mythology)
, which Romans spelled Tarentum.
(ii) Compare
naval aviation
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naval_aviation
(The first strike from a carrier against a land target as well as a sea target took place in September 1914 when the Imperial Japanese Navy seaplane carrier Wakamiya [若宮丸, later 若宮艦] conducted the world's first ship-launched air raids from Kiaochow Bay during the Battle of Tsingtao in China. The four Maurice Farman seaplanes bombarded German-held land targets)

Maurice Farman (1877-1964) was a French aviator and aircraft manufacturer.

(c) Attack on Pearl Harbor occurred on Dec 7, 1941.
(d) HMS Repulse (1916)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Repulse_(1916)
(a Renown-class battlecruiser; Commissioned 1916; sanked with her consort HMS Prince of Wales on 10 December 1941 when they attempted to intercept [Japanese] landings in British Malaya; section 5 Force Z)

(e) HMS Prince of Wales (53)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Prince_of_Wales_(1939)
(pennant number 53; a King George V-class battleship; Commissioned  Jan 19, 1941;  
Fate: Sunk on 10 December 1941 by Japanese air attack off Kuantan, South China Sea
(f) Battle of Coral Sea
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_the_Coral_Sea
(at Coral Sea; May 4-8, 1942; Japan v US + Australia)

Quote:

"The battle was the first fleet action in which aircraft carriers engaged each other. It was also the first naval battle in history in which neither side's ships sighted or fired directly upon the other.

"Although a tactical victory for the Japanese in terms of ships sunk, the battle would prove to be a strategic victory for the Allies for several reasons.

(g) Battle of Midway occurred on June 4 to 7, 1942.
(h) HMS Illustrious (R06)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Illustrious_(R06)
(second of three Invincible-class light aircraft carriers; Commissioned 1982; Status  in active service; Currently Illustrious is the last remaining aircraft carrier of the Royal Navy. It is envisaged that she will be withdrawn from service in 2014 and will not effectively be replaced until HMS Queen Elizabeth is commissioned some time around 2020)
(i) HMAS Melbourne (R21)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMAS_Melbourne_(R21)
(UK built, launched in February 1945 the lead ship of the Majestic class light aircraft carrier, as HMS Majestic (R77) but never commissioned it; Australia purchased it in 1947 and continued working on it; Commissioned  1955 as HMAS Melbourne; Decommissioned  1982; Fate  Sold to China for scrap in 1985. Studied as part of a PLAN project to develop an aircraft carrier)

Quote: The carrier was sold in "1985 to the China United Shipbuilding Company for A$1.4 million, with the intention that she be towed to China and broken up for scrap. * * * The ship was not scrapped immediately [In China]; instead she was studied by Chinese naval architects and engineers as part of the nation's top-secret carrier development program. Reports circulated that Melbourne's flight deck was either removed from the carrier or reproduced, and used for the equally secret training of People's Liberation Army Navy pilots in carrier flight operations. The carrier was not dismantled for many years; according to some rumours she was not completely broken up until 2002.



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