中国减少铁矿石对外依赖努力收效甚微

choi

BBC Chinese, Apr 16, 2014.
www.bbc.co.uk/zhongwen/simp/chin ... hina_iron_ore.shtml

the first four paragraphs:

"中国今年第一季度进口铁矿石2.2亿吨，同比增长近20%，刷新历史纪录。

"中国原本希望能发展自己的铁矿石生产产业，以削减对铁矿石进口的依赖，但国内开采铁矿石的高成本和低质量使得这个计划摇摇欲坠。

"过去20多年来，中国一直试图减少对力拓 [Rio Tinto Group (British-Australian)]、必和必拓、淡水河谷等全球大矿商供应的铁矿石的依赖 * * * 中国购买全球铁矿石产量的三分之二以上，是全球铁矿石最大消耗进口国。

Note:
(a)
(i) BHP Billiton
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BHP_Billiton
(Billiton (formed in 1860) and Broken Hill Proprietary Company Limited (BHP; incorporated in 1885) merged in 2001)
(an Anglo-Australian multinational mining and petroleum company headquartered in Melbourne, Australia; the world's largest mining company measured by 2011 revenues;
(ii) Our History, in About Us. BHP Billiton, undated
www.bhpbilliton.com/home/aboutus/ourcompany/Pages/ourHistory.aspx
("The history of Billiton[:] Billiton’s roots trace back to 1851 and a tin mine on a little known island in Indonesia, Billiton (Belitung) island")
(iii) Belitung
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belitung
(an island on the east coast of Sumatra, Indonesia in the Java Sea)

For its location relative to the Sumatra:
(A) First take notice of a speck of an islet at 9 o'clock direction of Belituing;
(B) Click "Java Sea," and it dramatically reduce the scope;
(C) Return to Belitung Wiki page and click "Sumatra."  Belitung is in the right margin--and I do mean margin--of the Sumatra map, which showed western half of Belitung (whose eastern half is cut off by the cartographer).

(b) Vale (mining company)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vale_(mining_company)
(Founded as Companhia Vale do Rio Doce (widely known as CVRD prior to 2007) (in English, Freshwater River Valley Company) was founded as a public company by the Brazilian Federal Government in 1942; In 1974, Vale became the world's biggest exporter of iron ore, a title which it still holds today; privatized in 1997; presently a multinational headquartered in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)

Shareholders of the company approved name change to Vale SA in May 2009.