Kamila Valieva Becomes First Woman EVER to Land Olympic Quad

choi

Kamila Valieva Becomes First Woman EVER to Land Olympic Quad. NBC Sports, Feb 6, 2022 (Winter Olympics 2022 in Beijing; all upper case for 'ever' original)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hda3vvmqQHQ
(full text: "Not only did 15-year-old Russian sensation Kamila Valieva become the first women's figure skater to land a quadruple jump at the Olympics -- she did it twice in one routine, leading the ROC to team event gold with a stunning free skate")

Mote:
(a) ROC? Not Russia? If you recall, Russia cheated with stimulants (drugs), so was penalized to use Russian Olympic Committee (ROC) -- or Russian Paralympic Committee (RPC) in Paralympic Games or Paralympics -- as the name to compete, starting 2020 summer olympic in Tokyo (delayed due to Covid-19 and held July 23 - Aug 8, 2021).

(b) I know nothing about figure skating, and do not know where the two qauds are in the video -- there was no slow motion.
(i) Here is the perspective. She is the first woman to do a quad (or two) in an Olympic game, but many men and womemn have achieved it (quad_ before her elsewhere. See quad (figure skating)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quad_(figure_skating)
("A quad, or quadruple, is a figure skating jump with at least four (but fewer than five) revolutions [see next sentence]. All quadruple jumps have four revolutions, except for the quadruple Axel, which has four and a half revolutions")
(ii) Axel jump
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axel_jump
(section 1 History had a table which shows that Axel Paulsen (male) of Norway first did it in a 1882 competition)

section 2 Execution (explaining Axel always has "a half":
The Axel is an edge jump, which means that the skater must spring into the air from bent knees. * * * The skater must also approach the jump typically from the left forward outside edge of the skate, enabling them to step forward. The skater then kicks through with their free leg, helping them to jump into the air. The skater must land on the right back outside edge of the skate. The change in foot required to complete the Axel means that the skater's centre of gravity must be transferred from the left side to the right, while rotating in the air, to reach the correct position to land. As a result, the Axel has an extra half-rotation, which, as figure skating expert Hannah Robbins states, 'makes a triple Axel more a quadruple jump than a triple': the single Axel consists of one-and-a-half revolutions, the double Axel consists of two-and-half revolutions, and the triple Axel consists of three-and-a-half revolutions." (footnotes omitted)

On the right margin of section 2 is a photo of Japanese skater Midori ITŌ 伊藤 みどり, whose given name is not expressed in kanji. The midori is Japanese pronunciation of kanji 緑.
(iii) There is no need to understand the quotation immediately above -- I did not. A [hptp is worth a thousand words.

Asada's triple Axel in women's free skating at Sochi. Getty Images
https://www.gettyimages.com/deta ... ews-photo/628828778
(full text: "SOCHI, Russia - Japanese figure skater Mao Asada performs her trademark triple axel during her free program in the women's singles competition at the Sochi Olympics in Russia on Feb 20, 2014 in this composite photo. (Photo by Kyodo News Stills via Getty Images)"_
• Mao ASADA  浅田 真央 (1990- ; retired; asa, ma are Japanese pronunciation for kanji 浅 and 真, respectively; the long vowel ō is Chinese pronunciation of kanji 央, meaning the same (cemter; middle) as in Chinese -- however, short vowel o (never long vowel ō) is only used in Japanese NAMES for humans and places)
• The photo shows that Asada jumped with right leg (or foot) on the floor, and landed with left leg on the floor.  Thus in the quotation above: "The skater then kicks through with their free leg, helping them to jump into the air."  Translated in Asada's situation, before her jump, her left (free) leg (or foot) kicked (the ice) on the floor.
• Nonetheless, pay attention to the quotation again, about "forward" or "back" edge of skate (start with forward edge of skate and land with back edge of skate), which will be important in (b)(ii):
• When I read the quotation above, I consulted the sketch at the top of the Wiki page, which darkened the leg that jumped or landed -- but a DIFFERENT leg in the same Azel jump -- and was confused. I read the quotation again and thought different legs started and landed. Indeed that is the case, when I found this Getty image (there are a few more).
(ix) Axel (name)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axel_(name)


(c) Quadruple Salchow Yuzuru Hanyu. YouTube.com, uploaded by Technique of Triple on Jan 31, 2017 (slow-motion video, as opposed to a photo in (a)(iii) above)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ms8jDSlWTU
(i) Yuzuru HA-NYŪ  羽生 結弦
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuzuru_Hanyu  (1994; Japanese; active skater)

The kanji 羽 has three Japanese pronunciations: ha, wa and hane (as in Haneda Airport 羽田 空港 near Tokyo
(ii) Salchow jump
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salchow_jump
("The Salchow is accomplished with a takeoff from the back inside edge of one foot and a landing on the back outside edge of the opposite foot. * * * Timing is critical because both the takeoff and landing must be on the backward edge. A Salchow is deemed cheated if the skate blade starts to turn forward before the takeoff")
(iii) 89th All Japan Figure Skating Championships - Day 3.
https://www.gettyimages.co.uk/de ... ws-photo/1293375455
(full text: "NAGANO, JAPAN - DECEMBER 27: In this multiple exposure image, Rika Kihira executes a quadruple salchow while competing in the Ladies' Single Free Skating on day three of the 89th All Japan Figure Skating Championships at the M Wave on December 27, 2020 in Nagano, Japan. (Photo by The Asahi Shimbun via Getty Images)" )

Rika KIHIRA  紀平 梨花 (2002; Japanese; active skater; ki, ri and ka are Chinese pronunciations of kanji 紀, 梨 and 花, respectively; bira is Japanese pronunciation of kanji 平.)

(d)
(i) short program (figure skating)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_program_(figure_skating)
("before the [longer] free skating program"/ section 2 Requirements: section 2.1 Singles, section 2.2 Pair skating, section 2.3 Synchronized skating)

In a word, whether it is singles, pair or synchronized, whether it is a person, two (pair), or team, there are two segments each: short program and free skaing program.
(ii) list of Olympic medalists in figure skating
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li ... s_in_figure_skating
(section 1 Medalists: section 1.1 Men's singles * * * section 1.3 Ladies' singles, section 1.4 Pairs, section 1.5 Ice dance (since 1976 in Austria), section 1.6 Team event (since 2014 Sochi) )