Toll Road in US, China and Taiwan

choi

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(1) toll roads in the United States
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toll_roads_in_the_United_States
(A toll road in the United States, especially near the east coast, is often called a turnpike; Some states have an RF [radio frequency] tag that automatically bills the commuters account electronically for tolls)

Quote "Toll roads are only in 26 states as of 2006. The majority of states without any turnpikes are in the West and South.

(2) toll roads around the world
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toll_roads_around_the_world

Quote:

section 1.2 China: "Nearly all Chinese expressways and express routes charge tolls;

section 1.11 Taiwan: "Other toll roads in Taiwan are usually newly built bridges and tunnels. Tolls are frequently collected to pay off the construction cost and once paid off, the tolls may be repealed.

(3) Taiwan.
(a) 國道 (such as 國道1號  National Freeway No 1) is under the jurisdiction of  
Taiwan Area National Freeway Bureau (TANFB), Ministry of Transportation and Comjmunications (MOTC) 交通部 臺灣區國道高速公路局
http://www.freeway.gov.tw

A freeway is not necessarily free or tolled. See
controlled-access highway
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Controlled-access_highway
(known by various terms worldwide, including Autobahn, freeway, motorway, and sometimes less precise terms such as expressway, parkway, or turnpike; are free of any at-grade crossings with other roads, railways, or pedestrian paths)

(i) For a map of National Freeways, see
即時路況資料 Road Network
http://1968.freeway.gov.tw/

(ii) 道路養護
http://www.freeway.gov.tw/Publish.aspx?cnid=91
(截至 [2000 AD or 民國] 99年底總養護里程約為1,014.6公里; 收費站 (處): 國道1號 11, 國道3號 11, 國道5號 1, and total number of toll stations: 23)

(iii) Detailed information about

toll stations  收費站
http://www.freeway.gov.tw/Publish.aspx?cnid=570&p=483
(Two toll stations out of a total 23 collect toll in one direction only: 汐止收費站 and 七堵收費站
: 為單邊(北上)收費; For all toll stations: 通行費徵收採人工收費及電子收費併行方式辦理, depending on drivers' choice)

(iv) Exception to toll in freeway:

執行國道客運班車免費通行措施
http://www.freeway.gov.tw/Publish.aspx?cnid=85
("本局執行「促進大眾運輸發展方案」，凡依法取得高速公路營運路線許可之客運業者，
即可申請免費通行高速公路，自西元1997年2月1日起公告實施，迄西元2010年11月底
止核准之客運業者計國光客運公司等41家")

(b) 省道 provincial highway is under jurisdiction of 交通部 公路總局  Directorate General of Highways (DGH), MOTC. They are all untolled. 目前台灣共有省道94條: 快速公路 (subtotal 737km), 環島公路 (937km), 橫貫公路 (869km), 縱貫公路 (904km), 濱海公路 (773km), 聯絡公路 (4,448km)--total 8,668km.

認識公路: 公路編號
http://www.thb.gov.tw/tm/Menus/Menu08/main0801/main0801-2.aspx
(編號沿革)

(c) 縣道 county road is under jurisdiction of local (city or county) government. "全台計209條（含支線），總長度共有3549.880公里（2010年資料)." zh.wikipedia.org


(4) Whether and how long to charge toll in a freeway is decided partly by necessarity, and partly by philosophy.

(a) Interstate Highway System
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interstate_Highway_System
(The Dwight D. Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways; commonly known as the Interstate Highway System, Interstate Freeway System or the Interstate; named for President Dwight D. Eisenhower, who championed its formation; Construction was authorized by the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956, construction took 35 years; The network has since been extended and as of 2006 it had a total length of 46,876 miles (75,440 km); section 4 Financing)

(b) Republican governors always want to abolish toll in Massachusetts turnpike, but Democrats-controlled legislature always say no. The bottom line is toll stations remain there.

(c) Taiwan in this sense is very similar to Republicans in US: low tax--be it income tax, corporate tax, excise tax, or toll (no sales tax). The only thing I do not like Taiwan in this regard is sin tax or luxury tax 奢侈稅 (nothing is luxury to me, who subscribe to trickle-down theory).
  

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