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Slave's Story (II)

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发表于 9-21-2013 10:49:44 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |正序浏览 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 choi 于 9-23-2013 06:24 编辑

Kirk Davis Swinehart, Not Your Parents' Puritans; Slavery flourished in colonial New England. Yet the Puritans' erasure of its signs have obscured their crimes well into our own time. Wall Street Journal, Aug 4, 2013
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB ... 38032360409600.html
(book review on Allegra di Bonaventura, For Adam's Sake; A family saga in Colonial New England. Liveright, 2013)

Quote: "an extraordinary odyssey into the parallel lives of slaves and owners over several generations, from the 1670s through the 1750s.

Note:
(a) "The great Puritan divine John Winthrop, founder of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, probably wouldn't make it through Allegra di Bonaventura's book without suffering a cardiac episode. Set principally in the seaport town of New London, Conn, 'For Adam's Sake' provides an astonishing worm's-eye view of Winthrop's beloved Bible Commonwealth"
(i) divine (n): "1: CLERGYMAN  2: THEOLOGIAN"
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/divine
(ii) John Winthrop
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Winthrop
(1587/8-1649; a Puritan lawyer; one of the leading figures in the [1628, while still in England] founding of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, the first major settlement in New England after Plymouth Colony [which formed after the Mayflower landing in 1620]; he served 12 annual terms as governor, for 12 of the colony's first 20 years of existence [till his death in 1649]; Winthrop's son, John, was one of the founders of the Connecticut Colony)

Quote: "Winthrop wrote a sermon entitled A Modell [model] of Christian Charity, which was delivered either before or during the crossing. * * * In it he used the now famous phrase 'City upon a Hill' to describe the ideals to which the colonists should strive, and that consequently 'the eyes of all people are upon us.'
(iii) City upon a Hill
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_upon_a_Hill

The "Hill" is now called Beacon Hill, on which the Massachusetts state house stands and a beacon once stood--thus the name.
(iv) History of Boston
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Boston
("In June 1630, the Winthrop Fleet arrived in what would later be called Salem, which on account of lack of food, 'pleased them not.' They proceeded to Charlestown, which pleased them less, for lack of fresh water. The Puritans settled around the spring in what would become Boston, acquiring the land from the first English settler, William Blaxton")
(v) Massachusetts Bay Colony, Plymouth Colony, Nantucket, Martha's Vineyard and present-day territories of Maine, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia merged in 1692 to establish Province of Massachusetts Bay.
(vi) New London, Connecticut
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_London,_Connecticut
(For several decades beginning in the early 19th century, New London was the world's third busiest whaling port after New Bedford, Massachusetts, and Nantucket; John Winthrop, Jr. founded the first English settlement here in 1646, making it about the 13th town settled in Connecticut; The harbor was considered to be the best deep water harbor on Long Island Sound)
(vii) worm's-eye (adj; First Known Use 1908)
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/worm's-eye
(viii) Bible Commonwealth. Dictionary of American History, 2003.
http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3401800428.html

(b) "Ms di Bonaventura, a Yale-trained historian and lawyer, found the threads of her story in a little-known diary kept by one Joshua Hempstead, a widowed yeoman shipwright whose English-born farmer father was among New London's original planters. From 1711 until his death in 1758, at the age of 84, Hempstead steadily documented the vicissitudes of everyday life at the scruffy western edge of Britain's empire"
(i) Hempsted Houses. Connecticut Landmarks, undated
http://www.ctlandmarks.org/index.php?page=hempsted-houses
(ii) The English surname Hempstead--I can not find Hempsted in Dictionary of American Family Names--is from names of "various places so called, most of which were originally named with Old English hamstede or h?mstede ‘homestead.' One Hempstead in Norfolk derives its name from Old English hænep ‘hemp’ + stede ‘place.’"
(iii) "a widowed yeoman shipwright"
(A) The meaning would be clearer if there were a comma between "yeoman" and "shipwright,"--as done by many writers if you google "yeoman shipwright" (without a comma).
(B) yeoman (n)
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/yeoman

There are many definitions, due to the history. See next.
(C) yeoman
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yeoman
(section 1 Etymology)

Quote: "The Yeoman was a social class in England from the Elizabethan era to the 17th century of a free man who owned his own farm. * * * The yeomanry was the first class of the commoners (peasants), which in Saxon days would be the equivalent to geneatas or villager. * * *  He would be given land (copyhold or sometimes freehold) by his lord for services well rendered."

(c) For John Rogers, see Rogerenes
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rogerenes

(d) "John Livingston 'foundered on the shoals of opportunity and privilege, through his own cupidity and recklessness,' Ms di Bonaventura writes. His powerful in-law, John Winthrop IV"
(i) cupidity (n; ultimately from from Latin cupiditat-, cupiditas — more at COVET)
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/cupidity
(ii) Cupid
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cupid
(In classical mythology, Cupid (Latin Cupido, meaning "desire") is the god of desire, erotic love)
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