Public Sector of Taiwan (2014), US (2013)--& China (early 1990s)

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呂欣憓, 103年公務人力 占總人口3.87%. 中央社, July 12, 2015
http://www.cna.com.tw/news/aipl/201507120107-1.aspx
(民國 "103年 [2014] 底全國「公務人力」約為90萬6000餘人，其中依各機關組織法規所定編制內職務支領俸給文職人員的「公務人員」人數約34萬7000人；而其他公部門人力如國營事業等約55萬8000人。* * * 103年全國公務人力占總人口比率為3.87%，占勞動力人口比率為7.82%，占就業人口比率為8.13%")

Note:
(a) Central News Agency (CNA) also publishes the English version, which states, "The statistics also indicate that public sector manpower accounted for 7.82 percent of the labor force in Taiwan in 2014, and 8.13 percent of the employed."

For difference between "labor force" and "the employed," see

Glossary. In BLS Information. Bureau of Labor Statistics, US Department of Labor, undated
www.bls.gov/bls/glossary.htm
(i) "Employed persons (Current Population Survey)[:]  Persons 16 years and over in the civilian noninstitutional population who, during the reference week, (a) did any work at all (at least 1 hour) as paid employees; worked in their own business, profession, or on their own farm, or worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in an enterprise operated by a member of the family; and (b) all those who were not working but who had jobs or businesses from which they were temporarily absent because of vacation, illness, bad weather, childcare problems, maternity or paternity leave, labor-management dispute, job training, or other family or personal reasons, whether or not they were paid for the time off or were seeking other jobs. Each employed person is counted only once, even if he or she holds more than one job. Excluded are persons whose only activity consisted of work around their own house (painting, repairing, or own home housework) or volunteer work for religious, charitable, and other organizations."
(ii) "Labor force (Current Population Survey)[:]  The labor force includes all persons classified as employed or unemployed in accordance with the definitions contained in this glossary."
(iii) "Unemployed persons (Current Population Survey)[:]  Persons aged 16 years and older who had no employment during the reference week, were available for work, except for temporary illness, and had made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons who were waiting to be recalled to a job from which they had been laid off need not have been looking for work to be classified as unemployed."

choi

(b) US statistics on public sector.
(i) The federal government does not have state-owned enterprises 國營事業 as defined in Taiwan and China, but does have corporations. See state-owned enterprise
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State-owned_enterprise
(section 6.3 United States: such as Fannie Mae, Amtrak--for a few years, the largest shareholder of General Motors)
(ii) Gerald Mayer, Selected Characteristics of Private and Public Sector Workers. Congressional Research Service, Mar 21, 2014
https://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R41897.pdf
("The number of people employed in both the private and public sectors has increased steadily as the US economy has grown. However, after increasing to 19.2% of total employment in 1975, the percentage of all jobs that are in the public sector fell to 15.7% in 1999. In 2013, public sector jobs accounted for 16.0% of total employment")

Go to "Figure 4. Public Sector Employment, by Level of Government, as a Share of Total Employment, 1955 to 2013" (at page 4), you will see the percentage of federal employees in the employed has steadily shrunk over time, from ~4.4% in 1955 to ~2% in 2013.
(iii) For number of full-time and part-time public-sector employees (in federal, state, and local governments), see
Government Employment & Payroll. US Bureau of Census, undated
www.census.gov/govs/apes/

The latest available is for 2013, which includes the following two items, among others.
(A) Robert Jesse Willhide, 2013 Annual Survey of Public Employment & Payroll Summary Report. Bureau of Census, Dec 19, 2014
http://www2.census.gov/govs/apes/2013_summary_report.pdf
(page 2: "In March 2013, federal, state, and local governments employed 21.8 million people. * * * State governments employed 5.3 million people * * * Local governments employed 13.8 million people, * * * The federal government employed 2.7 million people")

Pay attention to “Figure 2 Full-Time and Total Employment for Federal, State, and Local Governments: March 2013” (part-time employment accounts for the difference between “full-time and total employment.”
(B) Of the 21.8 million, 12.6%, 24.2% and 63.2%, respectively, work for federal, state, and local governments. See

Categories of Employees at the Federal, State, and Local Levels.
http://factfinder.census.gov/fac ... view.xhtml?src=bkmk

(c) Yuen Yuen Ang, Counting Cadres: A Comparative View of the Size of China’s Public Employment. The China Quarterly 211: 676-696 (2012)
deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/111822/Ang, Counting cadres.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
(p 690: "The World Bank conducted an international survey [[published in 1997] of public employment using data from the early 1990s.  The findings are summarized in Table 4 and compared with Chinese statistics. Based on the Organizational History Statistics, public employment in China averaged 3.1 per cent of total population from 1990 to 1998, whereas local public employment as a share of population was 2.5 per cent.  Compared to other countries, the net size of public employment in China is one-third below the global mean of 4.7 per cent") (footnote omitted)