冬蟲夏草

choi

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Peter Landers, MS Drug's Epic Journey From Folklore to Lab;
Research Into Ancient Chinese Fungus That Propagates Inside Insects Yields Potential Relief for Multiple Sclerosis. Wall Street Journal, June 22, 2010.
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704256304575320714138159240.html

Note:
(a) Aspirin is acetylsalicylic acid chemically.

A French chemist, Charles Frederic Gerhardt, was the first to prepare acetylsalicylic acid in 1853, by mixing
(i) acetyl chloride with
(ii) a sodium salt of salicylic acid (sodium salicylate).

By 1899, Bayer had dubbed this drug Aspirin, whose name is derived from acetyl and "spirsäure" = an old (German) name for salicylic acid.

Aspirin
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspirin

* Salicylic acid 水楊酸is isolated--from bark of white willow, Salix alba--and named by the German chemist Johann Andreas Buchner in 1826.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salicylic_acid
Please take notice structural differences (at the upper right corners of respective web pages) where Aspirin is essentially an ester 酯 of salicylic acid (with acetyl radical).

(b) Tetsuro FUJITA 藤多 哲朗
(c) Isolated from fungus Tolypocladium inflatum/Beauveria nivea/Cordyceps subsessilis,* Cyclosporin (or ciclosporin) is a cyclic peptide of 11 amino acids 氨基酸. Its immuno-suppressive effect was discovered in 1972 by employees of Sandoz (now Novartis) in Basel, Switzerland.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciclosporin

The mechanism of action of Cyclosporin is unknown.

Professor Fuijita had nothing to do with its discovery.

* Different names of the same species are due to confusion caused by various states of the same species.

(c) winter-insect-summer-plants 冬蟲夏草

冬蟲夏草資訊網
http://willrisebio.idv.tw/index.html
(Cordyceps sinensis)

(d) Isaria sinclairii looks different from Cordyceps sinensis.

Kathie Hodge and Jon Palmer, Tom Volk's Fungus of the Month for June 2006.
http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/toms_fungi/jun2006.html
(The first fungus is Tolypocladium inflatum and the second, Isaria sinclairii--with cicada carcass at the bottom)

(e)
(i) Yoshitomi Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd. 吉富製薬株式会社
(ii) Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corp. 田辺三菱製薬株式会社
http://www.mt-pharma.co.jp/

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