US President Millard Fillmore

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Fergus M Bordewich, Tough Job, Wrong Man; The compromise he supported only heightened tensions between the states and included a draconian fugitive slave law. Wall Street JOurnal, May 23, 2011.
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703421204576331593721912046.html
(book review on Paul Finkelman, Millard Fillmore. Times Books (2011))

Note:
(a) Millard Fillmore
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millard_Fillmore
(1800-1874; president 1850-1853; vice president 1849-1850)
(b) Whig Party (United States)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whig_Party_(United_States)
(operating from the early 1830s to the mid-1850s, the party was formed in opposition to the policies of President Andrew Jackson and his Democratic Party./ This name was chosen to echo the American Whigs of 1776, who fought for independence and because "Whig" was then a widely recognized label of choice for people who saw themselves as opposing tyranny)

(i) Patriot (American Revolution)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patriot_(American_Revolution)
("They called themselves Whigs after 1768, identifying with members of the British Whig party, who favored similar colonial policies"--which was independence)

(ii) Whig (British political party)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Whig_Party
(1678-1868; rival Tories; Succeeded by Liberal Party; section 1 Name)

Cf
* Whig and Tory. Encyclopedia Britannica, undated.
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/641802/Whig-and-Tory
* James II of England
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_II_of_England
(1633-1701; king 1685-1688; the last Catholic monarch to reign over British Empire; Predecessor Charles II (his brother); Successor William III & II and Mary II (William and Mary) (after Glorious Revolution))

(c) Henry Clay
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Clay
(1777-1852; from Kentucky)

(d) California was admitted to the Union in 1850, following
Compromise of 1850
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compromise_of_1850
(proposed by Henry Clay in January 1850, guided to passage by Douglas over Northern Whig and Southern Democrat opposition, and enacted September 1850)

Texas became a state in 1845.

(e) Fugitive Slave Act of 1850
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fugitive_Slave_Act_of_1850

Regarding this act, the review said,

"No other single federal act would do more to turn previously neutral whites against slavery. Most white northerners were deeply racist by today's standards. But when the federal government reached into their own communities and demanded that they collaborate in slave-catching, they rebelled. In several instances, abolitionist crowds literally ripped fugitives from the hands of federal commissioners and sped them to safety in Canada via the Underground Railroad. Some states, such as Massachusetts, even made it illegal for office holders to enforce the law.

(f) The review mentions the author Paul Finkelman as a constitutional scholar.

Paul Finkelman
http://www.paulfinkelman.com/
President William McKinley Distinguished Professor of Law and Public Policy, Albany Law School.

Founded in 1851, Albany Law School is private, and at Albany, New York.

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