Shūji NAKAMURA 中村 修二 (1954- ) (I)

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(1) Press release: New Light to Illuminate the World. Nobel Prize in Physics, Oct 7, 2014
www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2014/press.html
(“Red [‘invented in the end of the 1950s’ see (1)(a)] and green diodes had been around for a long time but without blue light [of shorter wavelength], white lamps could not be created”)

Note: Toward the bottom of the Web page, click "Read more about this year's prize[:] Information for the Public"
(“Akasaki, together with Amano, as well as Nakamura, also invented a blue laser in which the blue LED,
the size of a grain of sand, is a crucial component. Contrary to the dispersed light of the LED, a blue
laser emits a cutting-sharp beam. Since blue light has a very short wavelength, it can be packed much
tighter; with blue light the same area can store four times more information than with infrared light.
This increase in storage capacity quickly led to the development of Blu-ray discs with longer playback
times, as well as better laser printers”)
(a) What does “p” and “n” stand for?

Eric Seale, Diode. In “The EncycloBEAMia; Your one-stop shop for MEAN reference material,” July 11, 2003
encyclobeamia.solarbotics.net/articles/diode.html
(“Russell Ohl at Bell Laboratories discovered that these materials [crystals] could be "doped" with small amounts of foreign "impurity" atoms to create interesting new properties. Depending on the selection of impurities (often called dopants) added, semiconductor material of two electricallly [sic]-different types can be created -- one that is electron-rich (called N-type, where N stands for Negative), or one that is electron-poor (called P-type, where P stands for Positive). Most of the ‘magic’ of semiconductor devices occurs at the boundary between P-type and N-type semiconductor material -- such a boundary is called a P-N junction. Ohl and his colleagues found that such a P-N junction made an effective diode”)
(b) section heading: “Fiat lux– let there be light”
(i) let there be light
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Let_there_be_light
(an English translation of the Hebrew; Other translations of the same phrase include the Latin phrase fiat lux)
(ii) fiat (v): a form of faciō do, make
en.wiktionary.org/wiki/fiat

choi

(2) 黄永明, 【2014诺贝尔·科学】无人相信的发明. 南方周末, Oct 16, 2014.
www.infzm.com/content/104808
(“作家鲍勃·约翰斯通（Bob Johnstone）在他写的中村修二的传记中记述了许多这样的事情。而每一次出现这样的状况，中村心中奋发图强的火焰都会燃高一寸”)

Note:
(a) Very likely, this account is correct, because professor Gerhard Fasol makes available online an interview of himself (in English; about Mr Nakamura) which referred (and supplied the link) to this particular report in 南方周末. The interview was obviously truncated somehow: the interviewee mentioned himself as I, without a name throughout the Web page.
(b) “中村修二1954年出生在日本爱媛县的一个小渔村里。 * * * 村考上的是一所三流大学——德岛大学 * * * 大三的时候，中村听了一堂讲座，这个讲座改变了他一生的路径。讲座是助理教授 多田 修 Osamu TADA讲解半导体。 * * * 多田修把他介绍给了自己的老朋友小川 信雄 Nobuo OGAWA [1912-2002; kanji: 日亜化学工業株式会社 (略称: 日亜・日亜化学)創業者]，后者开了一家当时只有200人的化学公司，即日亚化学。 * * * 那一年，他在公司的资助下到美国佛罗里达大学进修了一年。他到那边的目的很明确——学习金属有机化学气相沉积法（MOCVD）”)
(i) Ehime Prefecture (kanji: 愛媛県) and Tokushima Prefecture 徳島県 are, respectively, on the northwestern corner and eastern side of the island Shikoku 四国.
(ii) The current Nichia CEO is 小川英治, who is 小川 信雄’s 婿養子 (a son-in-law who 入贅 (the term used in Taiwan); you can guess that by the latter’s surname)
(iii) MOCVD is the acronym of
metalorganic vapour phase epitaxy
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metalorganic_vapour_phase_epitaxy
, which is used to produces crystals, it seems.