不容忍异见的中国难以做到科技创新

choi

斯蒂芬·L·萨斯, 不容忍异见的中国难以做到科技创新. 纽约时报中文网, Jan 23, 2014 (观点)
cn.nytimes.com/opinion/20140123/c23sass/

, which is translated from

Stephen L Sass, Can China Innovate Without Dissent? The International New York Times, Jan 22, 2013 (op-ed)
www.nytimes.com/2014/01/22/opini ... ithout-dissent.html

Note:
(a) The International New York Times (based in Paris; its predecessor was International Herald Tribune (1967-Oct 15, 2013).
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_International_New_York_Times

(b) "A third reason is political. Free societies attract foreign talent. England gave birth to the steam engine in the 18th century in part because of Denis Papin, a Huguenot who had fled France for greater religious tolerance in England. His idea of using steam and atmospheric pressure to do work, taken up by Thomas Newcomen and James Watt, powered the first Industrial Revolution."
(i) Cn.nytimes.com's translation: "第三个原因是政治上的。自由社会吸引了外国人才。在18世纪，蒸汽机之所以诞生在英国，部分原因是胡格诺派教徒丹尼斯·帕潘(Denis Papin)逃离法国，前往宗教宽容度更大的英国。他利用蒸汽和大气压做功的理念，被汤马斯·纽科门(Thomas Newcomen)和詹姆斯·瓦特(James Watt)发扬光大，为第一次工业革命提供了动力。
(ii) Denis Papin
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis_Papin
(1847-c 1712; French; best known for his pioneering invention of the steam digester, the forerunner of the steam engine, and of the pressure cooker [both in 1679, because he invented steam digester--not to make an engine but to make pressure cooker, hence the name "steam digester"])
(iii) Huguenot
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huguenot
(protestants in France; By the end of the 17th century and into the 18th century, roughly 500,000 Huguenots had fled France during a series of religious persecutions. They relocated to Protestant nations"/ section 1 Etymology)
(iv) Thomas Newcomen
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Newcomen
(1664-1729; English; created the first practical steam engine for pumping water, the Newcomen steam engine [in 1712])
(v) James Watt
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Watt
(1736-1819; Scottish; section 1.2 First Engines: 1776)

(c) name meaning:
(i) The French surname Papin: "from Old French paper ‘to munch or eat’ (Late Latin pappare * * *); as a nickname its sense is uncertain, but possibly it referred to a glutton."
(ii) The Scottish and English surname Watt is from the personal [given] name Watt, "a short form of Walter."