本帖最后由 choi 于 1-8-2018 16:54 编辑
(c) "I was born with spinal muscular atrophy, a congenital, progressive, incurable neuromuscular condition, but my lifelong disability has never prevented me from doing anything I set my mind to. I was one of the first quadriplegic students to matriculate at Harvard. * * * I now write with a voice-recognition computer program. I no longer have the strength to hold or use a pencil. I drive my motorized wheelchair with a hypersensitive, lip [not voice]-controlled mini joystick. Nevertheless, that first girlfriend and I have been married for nearly three decades. * * * she learned to live with my limitations — those caused by my atrophied muscles, my respiratory distresses * * *
(i) He was "born with" the disease in the sense that it is a genetic disorder. However, Mr Mattlin says the disease first came to notice when he was six months old. See Ben Mattlin, A Half-Century of Living with SMA. Directions, Spring 2013, at page 26.
http://home.earthlink.net/~bmattlin3/id70.html
"Directions" is published by a non-profit organization Families of SMA ("Families of SMA is dedicated to creating a treatment and cure for Spinal Muscular Atrophy by funding and advancing a
comprehensive research program"), whose website is www.curesma.org.
(ii) You need not read this page carefully. You only need to know that before molecular biology, the disease "spinal muscular dystrophy" (SMA) was classified as Type I to IV (from the most severe and starting the earliest -- as a newborn 00 as Type I, in decreasing order). Mr Mattlin had thought he had Type I until he did not die in childhood when all should. Then he realized he was Type II.
Spinal Muscular Atrophy. Genetic Home Reference (GHR), National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institute of Health (NIH), undated.
https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/spinal-muscular-atrophy
(A) With advent of molecular biology, SMA was found to consist of a gene mutation in a single gene called SMN1 (on chromosome 5) for Type I to IV, plus rare mutation involving a couple of other genes (UBA1, DYNC1H1, and VAPB) -- similar manifestations notwithstanding.
(B) SMN1 (SMN stands for Survival of Motor Neuron) is expressed in many types of cells of the body, whose function is unclear. As to why gene mutations if SMN 1 leads to death of motor neurons, but likely not other kinds of cells, it is also a mystery.
(C) The UBA1 gene is located at X chromosome in humans, whose gene mutation causes the X-linked disease. Mutations in all other are autosomal recessive.
(iii) Thomas W Prior and Erika Finanger, Spinal Muscular Atrophy. In Margaret P Adam (editor-in-chief), GeneReviews (a loose-leaf book). (publisher Seattle, WA: University of Washington, last update Dec 22, 2016
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1352/
("Before the genetic basis of SMA was understood, it was classified into clinical subtypes; however, it is now apparent that the phenotype of SMN1-associated SMA spans a continuum without clear delineation of subtypes")
There is no need to read the rest of this Web page, and the next/.
(iv) Spinal Muscular Atrophy. Muscular Dystrophy Association (MDA), undated
https://www.mda.org/disease/spinal-muscular-atrophy
("SMA involves the loss of nerve cells called motor neurons in the spinal cord * * * The primary symptom of chromosome 5-related (SMN-related) SMA is weakness of the voluntary muscles [ie skeletal muscles, but not heart or smooth muscle]. The muscles most affected are those closest to the center of the body view the illustration] * * * Sensory, mental and emotional functioning are entirely normal in chromosome-5 SMA")
Having viewed the illustration, you might conclude that Mattlin might not have a problem with penile erection. Accord Rosemary Molloy (a reader who wrote a review on May 24, 2015)
https://www.amazon.com/Miracle-B ... ution/dp/B00BK81IES
("Sex? There's sex, all right, both partnered and--uh, otherwise")
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