House of Tudor (1485-1603)

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Martin Rubin, How a Dynasty Gets Started; Yes, his son's life was eventful—the subject of films and TV series—but look at what the first Tudor, Henry VII, managed to do. Wall Street Journal, Apr 3, 2012
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB ... 88430131346076.html
(book review on Thomas Penn, Winter King; Henry Vii and dawn of Tudor England. Simon & Schuster, 2012)

Note:
(1) Owen Tudor
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Owen_Tudor
(c 1400-1461; Welsh; section 1 Early life; section 4 Children: Owen and Catherine had at least six children, including "Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond (1430 – 1 November 1456). He married Lady Margaret Beaufort, and fathered Henry Tudor, the future king. He died shortly before his son's birth")

(a) His father was Maredudd (English: Meredith) and his paternal grandfather, Tewdwr (English: Tudor; full name: Tudur Fychan).

Regarding the grandfather, see (c).
(b) ap  
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ap
(ap, a Welsh patronym)

Similar to "of" in English.
(c)  
(i) Extended Definition: Owen Tudor
http://www.websters-online-dicti ... R&sa=Search#906
("At some point Owain anglicised his name to Owen Tudor from the Welsh Owain ap Maredudd, taking his grandfather's name for a surname --rather than the more common practice of taking his father's")
(ii)  Tudur Fychan
Origins of the Tudors. BBc, undated
http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/histo ... ods/tudors_01.shtml
("Tudur Hen's grandson, Tudur Fychan, married Margaret ferch Thomas of the Gwynedd royal family * * * Tudur [Fychan] and Margaret had at least five sons * * * The youngest, Marededd ap Tudur, had a child called Owain ap Tudur ap Marededd")

(2) Margaret Beaufort, Countess of Richmond and Derby
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Beaufort,_Countess_of_Richmond_and_Derby
(1443 or 1441-1509; mother of King Henry VII and paternal grandmother of King Henry VIII of England; she was daughter of John Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset, and Margaret Beauchamp of Bletso)

(a) The origin or meaning of Tudor is unclear.
(b) Beaufort is the name of several places in France--from Old French beu, bel ‘fair’, ‘lovely’ + fort ‘fortress’, ‘stronghold.’

(3) The review says "Lady Margaret Beaufort [] was a direct descendant of Edward III."

Edward III of England
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_III_of_England
(1312-1377)
(4) Henry VII of England
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_VII_of_England
(1457-1509; section 7 Issue: three sons--Arthur, Henry and Edmund, in that order--and four daughters)

Quote:

"In 1456, Henry's father Edmund Tudor was captured while fighting for Henry VI in South Wales against the Yorkists. He died in Carmarthen Castle, three months before Henry was born. Henry's uncle Jasper Tudor, the Earl of Pembroke and Edmund's younger brother, undertook to protect the young widow, who was 13 years old when she gave birth to Henry.[13] When Edward IV became King in 1461, Jasper Tudor went into exile abroad. Pembroke Castle, and later the Earldom of Pembroke, were granted to the Yorkist William Herbert, who also assumed the guardianship of Margaret Beaufort and the young Henry.

"by 1483 Henry was the senior male Lancastrian claimant remaining, after the deaths in battle or by murder or execution of Henry VI, his son Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales, and the other Beaufort line of descent through Lady Margaret's uncle, the 2nd Duke of Somerset.

(a) Henry VI of England
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_VI_of_England
(1421-1471; reign as king of England 1422-1461 and 1470-1471; Lancastrian)
(b) Edward IV of England
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_IV_of_England
(1442-1483; reign as king of England: 1461-1470; 1471-1483; the first Yorkist King of England)

(5) Battle of Bosworth Field
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Bosworth_Field
(Aug 22, 1485; the penultimate battle of the Wars of the Roses [1455-1485]; "Lancastrian leader Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond, became the first English monarch of the Tudor dynasty by his victory and subsequent marriage to a Yorkist princess. His opponent Richard III, the last king of the House of York, was killed")

(a) Wife of Henry VII was Elizabeth of York, daughter of Edward IV.
(b) Battle of Stoke Field
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Stoke_Field
("The Battle of Stoke Field (16 June 1487) may be considered the last battle of the Wars of the Roses, since it was to be the last engagement in which a Lancastrian king faced an army of Yorkist supporters, under the pretender Lambert Simnel. However, there is some dispute whether the Battle of Stoke Field was the last battle in the Wars of the Roses, as a number of historians consider the Battle of Bosworth, two years previously, as the real last remaining battle in the Wars of the Roses")

(6) Council Learnedin the Law
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_Learned_in_the_Law
(1495-1509)
(7) The review says, "He [Henry VII] manipulated relations with Spain and France and made endless efforts to annul the marriage of his deceased son, Arthur, so that his son's widow—Catherine of Aragon [1485-1536]—could marry Arthur's younger brother."

(a) Henry VIII of England
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_VIII_of_England
(1491-1547; reign 1509-1547; section 1.1 Death of Prince Arthur)
(b) Arthur, Prince of Wales
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur,_Prince_of_Wales
(1486-1502; section 2.1 Betrothal and alliance; "He died suddenly at the young age of 15. The cause of his death is unknown")

(8) The review states Henry VIII "was the first English monarch in living memory to have an undisputed right to the throne."
(9) The King is dead. Long live the King.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The ... Long_live_the_King.
(The original phrase was translated from the French Le Roi est mort, vive le Roi!, which was first declared upon the accession to the French throne of Charles VII after the death of his father Charles VI in 1422)

Henry VII of England is not mentioned in the Wiki page.