Gun and Bullet

choi

The gun part focuses on muzzle brake, and bullet on forensics.

(1) Making The Second Shot Count. Strategy Page, Apr 9, 2012.
http://www.strategypage.com/htmw/htweap/articles/20120409.aspx
("American troops have, for over two decades now, been trained to use single-shot accuracy in combat. Although they all carry assault rifles that can fire on full automatic (like a machine-gun) they have found that well aimed, single shots are more effective in combat")

Note:
(a) muzzle brake
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzzle_brake

Please do NOT read it: The Wiki page states, "Muzzle brakes are simple in concept" but it fails to explain. The caption of diagram misses out on WHY.
(b) Here is a terrific lesson on physics.

The Editor, Shooting: Compensators and Muzzle Brakes. Firearms History, Technology & Development, Nov 16, 2010 (blog).  
http://firearmshistory.blogspot. ... -muzzle-brakes.html

(i) stock (firearms)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stock_(firearms)
(ii) a grip in a fiream is vertical and can be positioned before or after (such as the gentleman in the foreground of the blog) the trigger in a long firearm (other than a handgun, that is).
(iii) centerline (n):
"a real or imaginary line that is equidistant from the surface or sides of something"
www.m-w.com

(c) "EFFIN muzzle brake" is trade mark of Ares Armor.

In slang, "effin" is a more polite way (spoken by women, for example) of saying "fucking."  
(d)
(i) An example of a "trigger unit":
http://shopwilsoncombat.com/Tact ... productinfo/TR-TTU/
(ii) trigger guard
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigger_guard
(e)  
(i) flash suppressor
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_suppressor
(section 2 rationale)
(ii) how flash hiders work? Calguns.net, Nov 24, 2008.http://www.calguns.net/calgunfor ... x.php/t-133795.html
("is there some computational flow dynamics graphics that could explain why this works so well?")

, which points to
Vortex Flash Hider (Birdcage replacement). YouTube.com, uploaded by q2alphadog  on Jul 12, 2006.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0TPpsIw7IwE

(f) mods: modifications
NCOs: noncommissioned officer
(g) The article says, "Current devices, like the U.S. Marine Corps ACOG (Advanced Combat Optical Gunsight), do not use batteries and provides a red chevron-shaped reticle and bullet drop compensator."

(i) sight (device)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sight_(device)
(ii) Advanced Combat Optical Gunsight
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Combat_Optical_Gunsight
(a series of telescopic sights manufactured by Trijicon; Reticles have other features such as a bullet drop compensator and other different reticle shapes such as chevrons)
(iii) reticle
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reticle
("There are many variations of reticles; this article concerns itself mainly with a simple reticle: crosshairs. Crosshairs are most commonly represented as intersecting lines in the shape of a cross, '+', though many variations exist, including dots, posts, circles, scales, chevrons, or a combination of these")
(iv) telescopic sight
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telescopic_sight
(section 5 Bullet Drop Compensation)

In essence, the longer the distance between the gun and the target, the higher the gun aim.
(A)  An example of Bullet Drop Compensation (BDC) is illustrated in

Burris 300208 AR-332 3x Tactical Prism Sight
http://www.calssportingarmory.co ... ight-p/bu300208.htm

, which suggests--calibration needed for particular circumstances--where a target should be in the telescopic sight from 100 to 500 yards.
(B) The end result:

ATN Optical Quality. American Technologies Network Corp (ATN), undated.http://www.atncorp.com/atnopticalquality(The last item is Bullet Drop Compensation, with a graphic)

(h) For "Surefire White Light 6P," see
6P® Original, Single-Output Incandescent. Surefire, undated.
http://www.surefire.com/illumination/flashlights/6p-original.html
(a compact high-output flashlight)


(2) IBIS TRAX-3D; The most advanced ballistics imaging and identification system in the world. Forensic Technology, undated. http://www.forensictechnology.com/IBISTRAX/

My comment:
(a) Forensic Technology is headquartered in Quebec, Canada.
(b) There is no need to read the web page. Go straiht to the penultimate paragraph, and click "IBIS TRAX-3D technology takes it one step further combining both 3D and 2D to help you see more, know more, and link more."

Congressional Briefings on Ballistic Imaging. National Research Council, Mar 4, 2008
http://www7.nationalacademies.or ... llistic_Imaging.asp

pointed to a book for sale:
Cork DL, Rolph JE, Meieran ES, and Petrie CV (eds), Committee to Assess the Feasibility, Accuracy and Technical Capability of a National Ballistics Database. National Research Council, 2008 (paperback, $59.00).
http://www7.nationalacademies.or ... llistic_Imaging.asp

(i) United States National Research Council
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uni ... al_Research_Council
(ii) ballistic fingerprinting
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballistic_fingerprinting
(A) rifling
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rifling
(introduction; section 1 History)
(B) rifle
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rifle
(section 2 19th century: During the Napoleonic Wars the British army created several experimental units known as "Rifles", armed with the Baker rifle [first produced in 1800 by Ezekiel Baker])
(C) rifle (vt; perhaps from French rifler to scratch, file, from Middle French, to scrape, plunder; First Known Use 1635)
"to cut spiral grooves into the bore of <rifled arms> <rifled pipe>"
(D) rifle as a noun saw its "First Known Use 1770."

Both rifle definitions, as well as etymology, are from www.m-w.com.
(E) Breech-loading weapon
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breech-loading_weapon

(c) ballistics
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballistics
(section 1 Gun ballistics: Internal ballistics; section 2 Forensic ballistics)