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(4) Alan Bjerga, Peas on the Prairie * * * Destined for New Delhi.
http://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2016-pulse-crops/
Note:
(a) summary underneath the title in print: Indian appetites are starting to sway the US crop mix
(b) "Certain crops can help, especially pulses. Legumes such as dried peas, lentils, kidney beans, and chickpeas fight erosion and replenish life-giving nitrogen"
(i) pulse (n); etymology is different from that felt over an artery): "the edible seeds of various crops (as peas, beans, or lentils) of the legume family; also : a plant yielding pulse"
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/pulse
(A) For this definition, Oxforddictionaries.com says "usually pulses" -- although in this dictionary and Oxforddictionaries.com, pulse (in singular form) is defined as "seeds" or a plant (as in www.m-w.com) or "plant or plants." For the latter, see
http://www.oxforddictionaries.co ... rican_english/pulse
(B) Legume (singular form) is in these two dictionaries: either a seed or a plant.
(ii)
(A) The "dried pea" or dry pea is split pea
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Split_pea
("Once dried, and after the skin is removed, the natural split in the seed's cotyledon can be manually or mechanically separated. The 'split' encourages faster cooking due to increasing the surface area exposed to heat"
(B) Dry pea is from mature pod of pea (Pisum sativum).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pea
("The immature peas (and in snow peas [Pisum sativum var. saccharatum, a cultivar of pea] the tender pod as well) are used as a vegetable, fresh, frozen or canned; varieties of the species typically called field peas are grown to produce dry peas like the split pea shelled from the matured pod. These are the basis of pease porridge and pea soup, staples of medieval cuisine; in Europe, consuming fresh immature green peas was an innovation of Early Modern cuisine")
(iii)
(A) lentil
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lentil
("The lentil (Lens culinaris) is an edible pulse. * * * [a] annual plant * * * known for its lens-shaped seeds * * * usually with two seeds in each")
(B) Search images.google.com with )lentil pod) and see the lebs-shaped seed.
(C) Lentils are a legume, thus a dicot (short for dicotyledon 雙子葉植物).
(iii) kidney bean
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_bean
(used in chili con carne)
(iv) chickpea
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chickpea
(section 1 Etymology; first domesticated in Middle East)
(c) "That [nitrogen fixation] made Beau Anderson an early convert to pulses on his wheat and barley farm outside Williston, ND, where he added them to his crop rotation more than a decade ago."
Williston, North Dakota
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Williston,_North_Dakota
(d) "North Dakota is America's top producer of legumes. The state * * * became the No 2 US oil producer during the shale boom [overtaking Alaska (which does not have fracking) but remains a distant second to Texas]"
(e) "China has fed a farm boom since the turn of the century, when it began relying heavily on soybean imports to feed livestock for its emerging middle class. Today, almost two-thirds of the oilseed shipped worldwide [ie, global market -- not just export from US] goes to China"
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发表于 4-10-2016 17:04:30
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