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Thomas Cromwell in 'The Mirror and the Light,' PBS Starting Sunday, Mar 23, 2025

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发表于 3 天前 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏览 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 choi 于 3-23-2025 11:42 编辑

Roslyn Sulcas, A Long-Awaited Fall From Grace. New York Times, Mar 22, 2025, at page C6 (section C is Art).
https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/ ... -pbs-wolf-hall.html

Note:
(a) Thomas Cromwell
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cromwell
(c 1485 – 1540; "He [Thomas] had two sisters: the elder, Katherine, married Morgan Williams, a Welsh lawyer's son who came to Putney as a follower of King Henry VII when he established himself in the nearby Richmond Palace * * * Katherine and Morgan's son, Richard, was employed in his uncle's service and by the autumn of 1529 had changed his name to Cromwell.[25][26] Richard was the great-grandfather of Oliver Cromwell.[6]")

(b) "It was Shoot Day 77, last spring, at Bishop's Palace in Wells, England, one of the locations for 'The Mirror and the Light,' the second and final television series based on Hilary Mantel's dazzling trilogy of novels. The books, and the show, chart the rise and fall of the energetic, inscrutable Thomas Cromwell — a blacksmith's son who became chief minister and all-around fixer to the king before his astonishing career took a tragic turn.   The six-part 'Mirror and the Light,' which will air on PBS's Masterpiece starting Sunday, begins exactly where the last one ended, in 1536, as -Henry VIII's second wife (1533-1536)] Anne Boleyn (Claire Foy) is beheaded.   That series, which aired on PBS in 2015, encompassed the trilogy's first two novels: 'Wolf Hall' and 'Bring Up the Bodies.'
(i)
(A) bishop's palace
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bishop%27s_Palace
("is a type official residence of any bishop")
(B) Bishop's Palace, Wells
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bishop%27s_Palace,_Wells
(in Wells, Somerset, England; "Building of the palace started around 1210 by bishops Jocelin of Wells [died 1242] and Reginald Fitz Jocelin [died 1191; who began the campaign to build both cathedral and palace but his successor's sucessor Jocelin of Wells (unrelated but all Catholic as Church of England was yet to be formed) actually built both: en.wikipedia.org fo Wells Cathedral]. * * * The walls, gatehouse and moat were added in the 14th century")
• The English surname Jocelin (and its variants Jocelyn and Joslin) are from "Old French name Joscelin. The name is believed to have its roots in the Germanic language, specifically from the Gothic tribe. Jocelin is derived from the Germanic elements gth meaning Goth and hild meaning small or little. Thus, the name Jocelin translates to Little Goth." Dictionary of American Family Names.
• Wells, Somerset
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wells,_Somerset
(a city of 12,000; "Wells takes its name from three wells dedicated to Saint Andrew, one in the market place and two within the grounds of the Bishop's Palace and cathedral.[7] * * * [section 2 Governance:] the member of the City Council who chairs the council holds the historic office of Mayor of Wells, typically for one year")

parish council (England)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parish_council_(England)
("is the lowest tier of local government. * * * Parish councils receive the majority of their funding by levying a precept upon the council tax paid by the residents of the parish (or parishes) covered by the council.[5] * * * The cycle of parish council elections is four years, and councillors are elected by the block vote system, with voters having the same number of votes as seats on the council, in a secret ballot. Those candidates with the highest number of votes sufficient to fill the number of vacant seats are elected. * * * In 1974, the local government reforms allowed the creation of successor parish councils, to cover those areas formerly the responsibility of a municipal corporation. Such an area could be declared a 'town,' and the council would then be known as a 'town council.' The majority of successor parishes, and a number of other small market towns now have town councils, with the power of parish councils but their chairmen are entitled to style themselves as 'town mayor.'[13] Similarly, a handful of parishes have been granted city status by letters patent: the council of such a parish is known as 'city council' and the chairman is entitled to be known as the 'city mayor.'[13]   In England, there are currently eight parishes with city status, all places with long-established Anglican cathedrals: Chichester, Ely, Hereford, Lichfield, Ripon, Salisbury, Truro and Wells")
(iii) Hilary Mantel
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilary_Mantel
(1952 – 2022l section 1 Early life: how she got the surname Mantel + Bachelor of Jurisprudence (the only college deree she had) + her only husbands surname was McEwen)
wrote historical fictions (fictions based on history)

McEwen
https://www.collinsdictionary.com/us/dictionary/english/mcewen
(pronunciation)
(iv)
(A) The 2015 PBS Masterpiece seres is "Wold Hall;" each episode in that series is about an hour. You can google (PBS masterpiece wolf Hall) to see options and payments: PBS still hosts that series FOR FREE (for years) until Mar 24, 2025.  
(B) PBS merely broadcasts them in the US. Both Series are produced by BBC, in England. See Wolf Hall
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolf_Hall
(section 4 Characters: Jane Seymour, who later became the third of Henry's six wives; section 5 Title; section 8 Adaptions, section 8.2 Television)


(c) "(This time, though, there is no comparably meaty female role to equal Foy's turn as Anne Boleyn.) * * * the opening shot of Anne on her way to her death prefigures his [Vromwell's] own fall at the hands of the capricious royal. * * * In 'Wolf Hall,' Cromwell took revenge for the banishment and death of his mentor, Cardinal Wolsey * * * Kosminsky, the director, said they had 'the enormous luxury of seeing the material evolve and thinking about the mechanics' "
(i) English dictionary:
* meaty (adj): "rich especially in matter for thought : SUBSTANTIAL  <actors looking for meaty roles>"
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/meaty
* prefigure
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/prefigure

In this page, to the left of the search box are Dictionary and Thesaurus. Click the latter and you will see "foreshadow" and :"herald" are the closest synonyms.
* royal (n): "a person of royal blood"
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/royal
* mechanics (n): "mechanical or functional details or procedure  <the mechanics of the brain>"
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/mechanics
   ^ The word mechanic may be an adjective or noun. In the latter, it ban mean only a person (like car mechanic).
(ii) Thomas Wolsey
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Wolsey
(1473 – 1530; section 5 Downfall and death:  Wolsey fell seriously ill with dysentery)


(d) "Lilit Lesser, who plays Mary, the king's eldest daughter * * * Henry, Lewis said, 'was far from being the roister-doistering, toss your chicken-leg over your shoulder, slap the wench's bottom that he has become in popular tradition. He was a very devout, rather prurient man"
(i) Mary I of England
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_I_of_England
(1516 – 1558; "was the only child of King Henry VIII and his first wife, Catherine of Aragon, to survive infancy"/ reign 1553-1558; Vatholic nicknamed Blooody Mary; wife (1554-1558) of King Philip II of Spain (1556-1598) but the latter left her soon after the marriage for Spain); childless' table: Predecessor  Edward VI (king's eldest son (who survived infancy, whose mother was king's third wife Jane Seymour, making him younger than Mary or Elizabeth; Edward VI was sickly and reigned 1547 – 1553) + Successor        Elizabeth I (Mary's half sister -- and king's second eldest daughter -- born to Henry VIII's second wife Anne Boleyn) )
(ii) English dictionary:
* roister-doister (n)
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/roister-doister

Wordsmith.com also says it is a noun, not a verb.
https://wordsmith.org/words/roister-doister.html
(iii) Tracy Borman, Henry VIII Was Actually a Tidy Eater * * *  HistoryExtra, Aug 27, 2024.
https://www.instagram.com/historyextra/p/C_LlNMqtX3D/
(iv) English dictionary"
* wench (n):
"1: old-fashioned : a young woman or girl"https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/wench
2: old-fashioned : a female servant"
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/wench


(e) "As Cromwell;s previously magisterial command of the court begins to falter, he must manage a rebellion in the north of England, supervise the dissolution of the monasteries, and somehow neutralize Henry's troublesome cousin Reginald Pole, who has written a book denouncing the king.   And when Jane Seymour dies after producing the longed-for son, it falls to Cromwell to find another bride for the increasingly irascible monarch. His choice of Anne of Cleves, who he hopes can help secure an English alliance with the German states, is a failure."
(i)
(A) English dictionary:
* magisterial (adj; from Latin magister)
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/magisterial
   ^ Click Thesaurus and magisterial has JUst one closest synonym: authoritative, and 'masterful' is nowhere to be seen among its synonym).
* masterful (adj; Masterful vs. Masterly: Usage Guide: "having mastery"):
"1a: inclined and usually COMPETENT to act as master
* * *
2: having or reflecting the power and SKILL of a master"  (emphases added, by me)
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/masterful
(B) Latin-English dictionary:
* magister (noun masculine): "master, chief, head"
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/magister
   * The English noun master came via Old English from Latin magister.
(ii) Reginald Pole
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reginald_Pole
(1500 – 1558; section 1 Early life: a [second] cousin of Henry VIII)

section 2 Pole and Henry VIII: "The final break between Pole and Henry followed upon Thomas Cromwell, Cuthbert Tunstall, Thomas Starkey and others addressing questions to Pole on behalf of Henry. He answered by sending the King a copy of his published treatise Pro ecclesiasticae unitatis defensione [Latin, whose English is: In Defense of Ecclesiastical Unity], which, besides being a theological reply to the questions, was a strong denunciation of the King * * *
(iii)
(A) Anne of Cleves
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_of_Cleves
("Henry believed he needed to form a political alliance with her brother, William, a leader of the Protestants of Western Germany, to strengthen his position against potential attacks from Catholic France and the Holy Roman Empire.[3]")

As was the custom in ancient times, Henry VIII saw only a portrait of her before agreeing to marry her. On the wedding day, he found her ugly and refused to mate her. They became like brother and sister , and she was allowed to stay and lived the rest of her life in England.
(B) For Cleves, see Kleve
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kleve
(a German name for the German town whose English name in English is Cleves; section 1 Hstory: name)


(f) "He is the slippery stones underfoot, he is the last faint ripple in the wake of himself."
(i) English dictionary:
* underfoot (adv)
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/underfoot
(ii) Both clauses conjure the same images. The first is that he walks, and he was as slippery as the stones under his feet. The second is he wades or swims, creating ripples.




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 楼主| 发表于 3 天前 | 只看该作者
本帖最后由 choi 于 3-22-2025 12:01 编辑

-------------NYT
Mark Rylance sat quietly and alone, his black-capped head bowed, his eyes closed. Nearby in a grand chamber, Damian Lewis stood resplendent in a huge gold jacket, playing King Henry VIII, as the director Peter Kosminsky rearranged some actors playing courtiers.

It was Shoot Day 77, last spring, at Bishop’s Palace in Wells, England, one of the locations for “The Mirror and the Light,” the second and final television series based on Hilary Mantel’s dazzling trilogy of novels. The books, and the show, chart the rise and fall of the energetic, inscrutable Thomas Cromwell — a blacksmith’s son who became chief minister and all-around fixer to the king before his astonishing career took a tragic turn.

The six-part “Mirror and the Light,” which will air on PBS’s Masterpiece starting Sunday, begins exactly where the last one ended, in 1536, as Anne Boleyn (Claire Foy) is beheaded.

That series, which aired on PBS in 2015, encompassed the trilogy’s first two novels: “Wolf Hall” and “Bring Up the Bodies.” It was a miracle of writerly and filmic compression, giving us Cromwell’s ascent to prominence; his successful negotiation of the king’s first divorce; the break with the Catholic church; and Anne Boleyn’s rise, and her fall, which is engineered by Cromwell at the king’s behest.

“The Mirror and the Light” has a near-identical creative team: written by Peter Straughan (who recently won an Academy Award for best adapted screenplay for “Conclave”), directed by Kosminsky and starring Rylance and Lewis, with British acting royalty, including Alex Jennings, Timothy Spall and Harriet Walter, in small roles. (This time, though, there is no comparably meaty female role to equal Foy’s turn as Anne Boleyn.)

When the show was first broadcast on the BBC in Britain last fall, it won reviews as rapturous as those of 2015. It opens with Anne’s execution, juxtaposed against scenes of Henry being groomed and magnificently outfitted for his wedding with Jane Seymour (Kate Phillips). Cromwell is at the peak of his power, but the opening shot of Anne on her way to her death prefigures his own fall at the hands of the capricious royal.

“A character is always inside you,” Rylance said. “Cromwell was there, but heavier, darker this time.” In “Wolf Hall,” Cromwell took revenge for the banishment and death of his mentor, Cardinal Wolsey, Rylance explained, but in “The Mirror and the Light,” “he comes to own a little more what he projected onto these people: his own feelings of guilt.”

It was always his intention to adapt Mantel’s final novel, said Colin Callender, one of the show’s executive producers, who secured the rights to the novels in 2010. But a host of factors — the coronavirus pandemic, Mantel’s death in 2022 and the difficulty of reassembling the high-profile cast of actors — delayed the project, which, he added, had become “considerably more expensive this time around.”

Kosminsky, the director, said they had “the enormous luxury of seeing the material evolve and thinking about the mechanics,” as well as discussing them with Mantel while she was working on the final novel. “I pled the case for certain things the adaptation was likely to need.” Kosminsky said, as well as plying the author with questions about character and motivation. Mantel responded with copious notes, Kosminsky said.

In turning the nearly 900-page novel into a script, Straughan said he had been “anxious to find continuity with the first series,” and its theme of Cromwell’s revenge on his mentor’s enemies. “Our thought,” he said, “was that perhaps he has defeated all the traitors to Wolsey and comes to understand there is one last one: himself.”

This idea is seeded in an early episode, and it’s from this point that things begin to go wrong for the previously invincible Cromwell.

“There were just a thousand moments where you asked yourself, ‘Could this be true, or this other thing be true?’” said Lilit Lesser, who plays Mary, the king’s eldest daughter, whose close relationship with Cromwell spawns a dangerous rumor that he plans to marry her. “And then you think, ‘They are all true at once.’”

Cromwell, Rylance said, is lonely, has lost his wife and two daughters, and is frustrated by “the viciousness of the people he is working with, and conscious of the enormous suffering of the people.” All these frustrations “eventually burst,” Rylance said. “He makes rash choices, antagonizes the nobles; he gets weary of accommodating these people. And he is caught up with a man, Henry, behaving increasingly psychopathically.”

Henry, Lewis said, “was far from being the roister-doistering, toss your chicken-leg over your shoulder, slap the wench’s bottom that he has become in popular tradition. He was a very devout, rather prurient man, who believed in courtly etiquette, was a poet, a composer, spoke many languages and knew the Bible inside out.”

At the point dramatized in the show, Lewis added, Henry was in intense pain after a riding accident, “and, I think, insecure about his sexual performance.” All this, Lewis said, “contributed to this irate, paranoid, increasingly short-tempered man.”

As Cromwell’s previously magisterial command of the court begins to falter, he must manage a rebellion in the north of England, supervise the dissolution of the monasteries, and somehow neutralize Henry’s troublesome cousin Reginald Pole, who has written a book denouncing the king.

And when Jane Seymour dies after producing the longed-for son, it falls to Cromwell to find another bride for the increasingly irascible monarch. His choice of Anne of Cleves, who he hopes can help secure an English alliance with the German states, is a failure.

“The beautiful, tragic arc of the series is that, by about Episode 3, you see that Henry is no longer in thrall to this man,” Lewis said.

Whereas “Wolf Hall” was “about Cromwell getting inside the inner circle,” Straughan said, “in ‘Mirror and the Light,’ he goes back to being the outsider, the blacksmith’s son.” As Mantel writes at the end of the final novel: “He has vanished. He is the slippery stones underfoot, he is the last faint ripple in the wake of himself.”
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